Located in the North Eastern part of Nigeria, Bauchi State has a vast fertile soil as an advantage for cattle rearing and other agricultural products such as guinea corn, rice, millet, groundnut and maize. The predominant tribes in the state are Hausa, Fulani, Jarawa, Kanuri, Sayawa, Gerawa, Kare - Kare and others. The state was formed in 1976 – with its capital as the city of Bauchi – when the former North-Eastern State was broken up.

Bauchi State is located between latitudes 9° 3 and 12° 3 north of the equator with a total land area of 49,119 km² representing about 5.3% of Nigeria’s total land mass. The state is bordered by seven states; namely Kano and Jigawa to the north, Taraba and Plateau to the south, Gombe and Yobe to the east and Kaduna to the west.

Bauchi State has two distinctive vegetation zones, namely, the Sudan Savannah and the Sahel Savannah. Sudan savannah vegetation covers the southern part of Bauchi state where the vegetation gets richer and richer towards the south, especially along water sources or rivers, but generally the vegetation is less uniform and grasses are shorter than what grows even farther south, that is, in the forest zone of the middle belt.

Sahel type of the savannah, which is also known as the semi-desert vegetation, becomes manifest from the middle of the state as one moves from the state’s south to its north. This type of vegetation comprises isolated stands of thorny shrubs. On the other hand, the southwestern part of the state is mountainous as a result of the continuation of the Jos Plateau, while the northern part is generally sandy.